Electric bikes are bicycles that are equipped with an electric motor to assist the rider's pedaling.  It's important to note that electric bikes can go fast but they are not intended to be used as high-speed vehicles. They are designed to provide a boost to the rider's own pedaling effort, allowing them to ride longer distances and tackle hills more easily.

Most e-bikes are equipped with a pedal-assist system that provides power to the rider only when they are pedaling, and the amount of power can be adjusted to suit the rider's needs and preferences.

The Legal Limits

The speed of an electric bike is typically limited by law, and the maximum speed of an electric bike varies depending on the country and jurisdiction. In many countries, the maximum speed of an electric bike is typically around 20-28 mph (32-45 km/h). Some electric bikes may be able to go faster than this, but the legal maximum speed will still apply.

The legal limits on the speed of electric bikes vary depending on the country or state in which they are used. In the United States, e-bikes are generally limited to a maximum speed of 20 mph (32 km/h) on public roads. This limit applies to all e-bikes regardless of their motor power or battery capacity.

In other countries, the legal limits on e-bike speeds may vary. For example, in Germany and the Netherlands, the maximum speed of an e-bike is typically 25 km/h (15.5 mph).

Different Classes of Bikes

There are several different classes of electric bikes, each with its own set of characteristics and fastest speeds. Here is a brief overview of the main types of electric bikes and their typical top speeds:

Class 1 Electric Bikes

These bikes tend to cap out with assistance fairly quickly, usually having a top speed of 20 mph.  The motor in a class 1 e-bike is a pedal assist and has a hard speed cap.

Class 2 Electric Bikes

Like Class 1 electric bikes, Class 2 electric bikes have a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling. The major difference is that class 2 electric bikes usually have a throttle.  What a throttle enables, is the rider to ramp up the e-bike to a top speed of around 20 mph, without pedaling.

Class 3 Electric Bikes

These bikes have a motor that provides assistance up to a speed of 28 mph, after which the motor ceases to provide assistance. Class 3 electric bikes typically have top speeds of around 28 mph.

Class 4 Electric Bikes

Class 4 electric bikes are high-performance electric bikes that are designed for off-road use. They have a motor that provides assistance up to a speed of 28 mph, and may have a top speed of around 35 mph or more.

The laws governing the use of different classes of electric bikes may vary by jurisdiction, so it's always a good idea to familiarize yourself with the local laws and regulations.

The Factors that Alter E-Bike Speed

There are several factors that can affect the speed of an electric bike, including:

Motor Power

The power of the motor is one of the main factors that determines the speed of an e-bike. E-bikes are available with motors ranging in power from 250 watts to over 1,000 watts. Generally, e-bikes with more powerful motors will be able to reach higher speeds.

Battery Capacity

The capacity of the battery is another important factor that affects the speed of an e-bike. A larger battery will be able to store more energy and provide power to the motor for longer periods of time, which can increase the speed and range of the e-bike.

Rider Weight

The weight of the rider can also affect the speed of an e-bike. A heavier rider may require more power to maintain a certain speed, which can drain the battery more quickly and reduce the overall range of the e-bike.

Terrain

The terrain on which the e-bike is ridden can also affect its speed. Riding on flat, smooth surfaces will generally be easier and allow the e-bike to reach higher speeds than riding on rough, hilly terrain.

Weather

The weather can also affect the speed of an e-bike. Riding in strong headwinds or heavy rain can increase the resistance the motor has to overcome, reducing the speed of the e-bike.

Maxing Out at a Fastest Speed is not an E-Bike's Use

‍It's important to note that e-bikes are not intended to be used as high-speed vehicles, so don't get into the habit of pushing them to their fastest speed. They are designed to provide a boost to the rider's own pedaling effort, making them easier to ride longer distances and tackle steep hills.