In the United States, electric bikes are classified based on their maximum speed and the type of assistance they provide.  Electric bike classes exist in the US to provide a framework for regulating e-bikes and ensuring the safety of riders and other road users. Each class has its own set of rules and regulations that dictate the maximum speed and power of the motor, as well as other features such as the presence of a throttle or pedal assist system.

Class 1 Electric Bike

A Class 1 electric bike, also known as a pedal-assist electric bike, is a type of e-bike that is designed for use on bike paths and other off-road areas. These e-bikes have a pedal-assist system, which provides power to the rider while they are pedaling. The motor is limited to a maximum of 20 mph.

The pedal-assist system on a Class 1 electric bike uses sensors to detect when the rider is pedaling and provides power to the motor accordingly. The rider can control the level of assistance provided by the motor, typically through a control unit on the handlebars, which allows them to adjust the level of power to suit their needs.

Class 1 electric bikes are suitable for riders who want to enjoy the benefits of an e-bike but prefer a more relaxed pace. They are also a good option for riders who want to use their e-bike for commuting or running errands.

Class 2 Electric Bike

A Class 2 electric bike, also known as a throttle-assisted electric bike, is a type of e-bike that has a throttle-based system, which allows the rider to control the amount of power the motor provides. The motor is also limited to a maximum of 20 mph.

The throttle-based system on Class 2 electric bikes enables the rider to control the speed of the e-bike by twisting the throttle, similar to a motorcycle or scooter. This allows the rider to ride the e-bike without pedaling if they want to.

Class 3 Electric Bike

A Class 3 electric bike, also known as a speed pedal-assisted electric bike, is a type of e-bike that has a pedal-assist system and a maximum speed of 28 mph. These e-bikes are designed for road use and are typically faster and more powerful than Class 1 and Class 2 electric bikes.

The pedal-assist system on a Class 3 electric bike works similarly to that of a Class 1 e-bike, but it provides more power to the motor and allows the e-bike to reach higher speeds. The rider can control the level of assistance provided by the motor, typically through a control unit on the handlebars, which allows them to adjust the level of power to suit their needs.

Class 3 e-bikes are designed for more experienced riders and for longer commutes and road use. They are typically faster and more powerful than other classes of e-bikes and may have more advanced features such as disc brakes and suspension systems. They are also suitable for riders who want to tackle steep hills or travel at high speeds.

Choosing Your Class of Electric Bike

The classification system for e-bikes in the US serves to create a clear and consistent standard for e-bike usage, making it safer for riders and other road users, and helping to ensure e-bikes are used appropriately.